• 马可福音 16:9-20

．有些古卷有下列结语．

短结语：

〔 9凡耶稣所吩咐的，她们简洁地告诉彼得和他周围的人。这些事以后，耶稣亲自藉着他的门徒，从东到西，把那神圣、不朽、永远拯救的福音传出去。阿们！〕

长结语：

向抹大拉的马利亚显现

〔 9在七日的第一日清早，耶稣复活了，先向抹大拉的马利亚显现；耶稣曾从她身上赶出七个鬼。 10她去告诉那向来跟随耶稣的人；那时他们正哀恸哭泣。 11他们听见耶稣活了，被马利亚看见，可是不信。〕

向两个门徒显现

〔 12这些事以后，门徒中有两个人往乡下去；正走着的时候，耶稣以另一种形像向他们显现。 13他们去告诉其余的门徒，那些门徒还是不信。〕

门徒奉差遣

〔 14后来十一使徒坐席的时候，耶稣向他们显现，责备他们不信，心里刚硬，因为他们不信那些在他复活以后看见他的人。 15他又对他们说：“你们往普天下去，传福音给万民听。 16信而受洗的必然得救，不信的必被定罪。 17信的人将有神迹随着他们：就是奉我的名赶鬼；说新方言； 18手能拿蛇；若喝了什么毒物，也不会受害；手按病人，病人就好了。”〕

耶稣升天

〔 19主耶稣和他们说完了话以后，被接到天上，坐在上帝的右边。 20门徒出去，到处传福音。主和他们同工，藉着伴随的神迹证实所传的道。〕

对于马可福音16:9-20是否属于马可福音原文，学者们有相当大的疑问，因为最早的手稿并没有包括这些内容。若真如此，马可福音的结束就显得突然。是因为马可在结束福音书之前就被杀了，还是他写的结尾散佚了？后来有些人试图给该福音书补上一个适当的结局。一些手稿添加了一个简短的结尾，说耶稣派他的门徒从东到西把福音传出去（译注：此内容不见于《和合本》；可参考《和合本修订版》在马可福音16:9标为“短结语”的译文，或《新译本》在马可福音16:20的译注）。其他手稿则包括了马可福音16:9-20这段话。这结语虽然被认为是原著中没有的，但还是被包括在大多数的圣经译本中。

我们在这段经文中注意到不寻常的一点——耶稣责备门徒“心里刚硬”，“不信”他所派来的见证人（马可福音16:14）。为什么这样说呢？因为在圣经中，事情要有两三个见证人才能成立（见申命记19:15；马太福音18:16；哥林多后书13:1），而耶稣曾给门徒派了三个见证人：抹大拉的马利亚和另外两个“往乡下去”的人（马可福音16:12；这两个人就是走在去以马忤斯的路上的那两个人；见路加福音24:13-35）。

马利亚把她所看到的告诉门徒，他们“却是不信”（马可福音16:11）。去以马忤斯的那两个人也把他们所见的告诉门徒，“其余的门徒也是不信”（马可福音16:13）。因此耶稣责备了那些怀疑的门徒。

随后，耶稣吩咐门徒（今天也一直吩咐我们所有人）要“往普天下去，传福音给万民听”，并向他们保证，任何“信而受洗的，必然得救”，但任何“不信的，必被定罪”（马可福音16:15-16）。

耶稣应许给他们一些奇妙的神迹：赶鬼、说新方言、手能拿蛇、喝毒而不被伤害，以及医治病人。其中有些神迹后来果然发生了（见使徒行传16:18；2:4；28:3-6；14:8-10），但这似乎并不是常态。

耶稣作为神得胜的儿子，随后升天，坐在神的右边，正如他先前所说的那样 （见马可福音14:62）。同样，他也将驾云回来。这就是荣耀的福音，神的儿子耶稣基督的好消息。

思考

• 在这种充满不确定性的时候，我们该如何向别人展示我们对耶稣的信心？在怀疑的时候，我们可以指出哪些神的爱、保护和拯救的迹象？我们如何才能“往普天下去，传福音给万民听” （马可福音16:15）？

• 花点时间反思一下你所学到的东西，以及神在过去一周对你说的话。从现在开始，这些教导将如何改变你的生活和日常作息？

• 花一些时间用敬拜、表达信靠的祷告和感恩来回应耶稣。

• Mark 16:9-20

[Some of the earliest manuscripts do not include 16:9–20.]

Jesus Appears to Mary Magdalene

9[[Now when he rose early on the first day of the week, he appeared first to Mary Magdalene, from whom he had cast out seven demons. 10She went and told those who had been with him, as they mourned and wept. 11But when they heard that he was alive and had been seen by her, they would not believe it.

Jesus Appears to Two Disciples

12 After these things he appeared in another form to two of them, as they were walking into the country. 13And they went back and told the rest, but they did not believe them.

The Great Commission

14Afterward he appeared to the eleven themselves as they were reclining at table, and he rebuked them for their unbelief and hardness of heart, because they had not believed those who saw him after he had risen. 15And he said to them, “Go into all the world and proclaim the gospel to the whole creation. 16Whoever believes and is baptized will be saved, but whoever does not believe will be condemned. 17And these signs will accompany those who believe: in my name they will cast out demons; they will speak in new tongues; 18they will pick up serpents with their hands; and if they drink any deadly poison, it will not hurt them; they will lay their hands on the sick, and they will recover.”

19So then the Lord Jesus, after he had spoken to them, was taken up into heaven and sat down at the right hand of God. 20And they went out and preached everywhere, while the Lord worked with them and confirmed the message by accompanying signs.]]

There is considerable doubt among scholars about whether Mark 16:9–20 belongs to the original text of Mark, as the earliest manuscripts do not include them. If so, Mark seems to end abruptly. Was it because he was killed before he could conclude his gospel, or was his conclusion simply lost? Attempts seem to have been made to give the book a proper ending through later additions. A short conclusion is added in some manuscripts stating that Jesus sent His disciples east and west with the gospel. In other manuscripts this passage (Mark 16:9–20) is included. These endings are recognised as not present in the original text. Nevertheless, this passage is included in most Bibles.

We have the unusual note that Jesus rebuked the disciples for “their lack of faith” and “stubborn refusal to believe” the witnesses He had sent (Mark 16:14). Why so? In Scripture, matters were to be established with two or three witnesses (see Deuteronomy 19:15; Matthew 18:16; 2 Corinthians 13:1). Jesus had sent three witnesses to the disciples: Mary Magdalene and two others who were “walking in the country” (Mark 16:12, these were the two who were walking on the road to Emmaus; see Luke 24:13–35).

When Mary told the disciples what she had seen, “they did not believe it” (Mark 16:11). When the two men also told the disciples what they had witnessed, “they did not believe them either” (Mark 16:13). Hence, Jesus rebuked the sceptical disciples.

Jesus then told the disciples (and continues to tell us all) to “Go into all the world and preach the good news to all creation”, assuring them that anyone who “believes and is baptized will be saved” but anyone who “does not believe will be condemned” (Mark 16:15–16).

Jesus promised to give them some amazing signs: the power to drive out demons, to speak in new tongues, to pick up snakes and drink poison without being harmed, and to heal the sick. Some of these were seen subsequently (see Acts 16:18; 2:4; 28:3–6; 14:8–10), but they do not seem to be normative.

Jesus, as the triumphant Son of God, then ascended to heaven and was seated at the right hand of God, just as He had said earlier (see Mark 14:62). Likewise, He will also return in the clouds. This is the glorious gospel, the good news of Jesus Christ, the Son of God.

Talk It Over

In such times of uncertainty, how can we show others our faith in Jesus? In times of doubt, what signs of God’s love, protection, and deliverance can we point to? How can we “go into all the world and preach the good news to all creation” (Mark 16:15)?

Take some time to reflect on what you’ve learnt and what God has been speaking to you this past week. How can these lessons change your life and your daily routine from now?

• Spend some time responding to Jesus in worshipful and trusting prayer and thanksgiving.